SCADA Systems
Why Automation Installed?
- Can security
- To facilitate the use of the system (SCADA, CCTV, air conditioning, fire detection and suppression and integrated solutions to communication)
- Maintenance and troubleshooting solutions for eliminating the fast feedback
TUNNEL AUTOMATION SYSTEMS
- Founded in tunnels following the automation systems in general, control systems and equipment are summarized below.
- Ventilation system,
- Stripline,
- LV and MV power distribution monitoring and control systems,
- Emergency power sources, such as UPS and diesel generator control and izlnmesi,
- Monitoring of fire detection and extinguishing systems,
- Cameras follow the tunnel,
- Traffic lights control,
- Variable speed monitoring and traffic lane control signals,
- Variable message signs (VMS-VTS) control,
- Vehicle count and classification done,
- Luminansmetrelerin gas sensors that measure light intensity, and monitoring,
- Tunnel radio, fire extinguishers and emergency phones, monitoring,
- Safety gates and all the safety equipment control,
- Tunnel, the tunnel would be which of the following systems and equipment varies according to length and size. Therefore, automation systems and equipment for the tunnel is designed according to specifications. SCADA systems are redundant (redundant), or Server-Client structure is established.
Black Sea Coastal Highway SCADA System Center Management Requirements
Redundant structure of substation buildings designated as the sub-control centers have been established SCADA servers. The SCADA servers, connected to them through the tunnels to exchange data with PLCs will carry out various functions. In order to fulfill these functions is the central operating system controls the following information.
• tunnel atmospheric conditions (such as carbon monoxide, line of sight) the real-time monitoring and control of a ventilation system in accordance with this
• monitoring of traffic flow and traffic signals, variable speed limit signs and lane control signals control
• energy system substation buildings, substation feeder breaker condition monitoring and providing remote execution of power distribution.
• Lighting lighting system monitoring and control, manually or automatically.
• Tamper sensors monitoring the status of
• monitoring of fire alarm system of linear
• Automatic event detection system (AID) monitoring.
• Emergency telephone system, emergency fire alarm buttons, and monitoring
• monitoring of aqueous fire-fighting system
• Meteorological monitoring stations
According to the above information the system provides the following functions:
• Carbon monoxide detectors and visibility:
Monitoring of CO and VI analog values, analog values are translated into engineering values, displaying the values the operator station and RTU (Remote Data Acquisition) and recorded in the SCADA alarm thresholds for the control of ventilation through the processing of feedback signals.
• Power distribution system:
Functional system requirements as specified under the control and monitoring of power distribution system
• Transformer stations, door contacts:
Monitoring the status of the various sub-stations and electrical room door contacts and give audible and visual alarms
• Traffic monitoring system:
Inductive loops placed on the floor of the road (loop) and the processing of camera images (trafico t-port), traffic monitoring and detection through
• Lane control signs and traffic signals:
Control and monitoring devices
• Fire alarm system:
Linear electrical room in the tunnel of fire alarm system monitoring fire detection system, the main panel.
• Emergency phones:
Fire alarm and status monitoring of assistance buttons, audible and visual alarm triggering signals to control traffic or strip
• In case of alarm monitors the transfer of camera images on a large
• Communication system (OTN) monitoring
• According to data from the meteorological station, a warning message sent to VMS,
Automation çömzümleri
Lighting Automation:
Automatic lighting control photometers (luminance) information from the day-night, and time information in accordance with the criteria set out in the tunnel entrance and
is the control of lighting in stages.
Ventilation Automation:
Under normal conditions, the wind-tunnel air flow, dust particles and carbon monoxide in accordance with information from sensors automatically Jetfanların
commissioning.
In special cases, such as fire fire scenario is provided by the smoke extraction system is activated in the zone.
Traffic and Signaling Automation:
Sailing through software tools integrated into the center tunnel speed, tape drives, announcing emergency information, radio, signaling lights and
Variable message is to provide stimulation signposted.
This information from the CCTV screen event detection scenarios, climatic conditions, the vehicle cruising speed, according to information from the fire detection system,
dust particle-carbon monoxide, an earthquake sensor, vehicle height detection sensor evaluation is carried out according to the signals coming from.
Sınflandırılarak counted the number of vehicles entering and leaving the tunnel and speed limits can be changed if necessary according to the intensity.
Other support systems
CCTV (Closed Circuit TV) systems: Analog and IP camera solution
Fire detection and alarm system: the simple, conventional fire detectors and control panels, interactive networking and intelligent analogue addressable fire alarm
systems, cable-type linear heat detectors, smoke detectors very sensitive fire detection solution for active air suction
Public address and emergency sound system
Fiber-optic solutions
Central System Software
SCADA software, the primary module. The most important functions allocated to the middle layer is an independent, "administrators referred to as" the program
units are available. A "manager" is a process which is responsible for a specific task. For example, environmental links, archival data storage
or a separate administrator for user interfaces are available. Certain managers are as follows.
• Event manager (EV), is the heart of the SCADA software. Creates a server, classifies events, other managers concern themselves
is aware of the changes, alarms, and thus creates a communication center for SCADA software
• The driver manager (D), other systems can be connected to the system over many drivers. At the same time a wide range of communication protocols
possible to operate. S PLCs as well as system and DDC; remote control connections, and also supports OPC.
• The data manager (DM), process changes database maintains a high-speed, data and alarms archives. Reviews forms and reports.
• Control Manager (Ctrl), a special run-time environment (dedicated runtime environment) written in the control program, event-triggered and multiple
runs programs based on official grounds. An administrator can handle multiple programs simultaneously, or multiple control manager
can operate simultaneously. Such control programs are often used for high-level control tasks or individual programs.
• User interface manager (UIM), a visual presentation of the process conditions and provides the transmission of user input.
SCADA system software in terms of performance and number of data points is a very powerful middleware 100,000 of a variety of applications in excess of
is used. Thus, the system will be expanded in the future will be able to speed data access.
Distributed Server Architecture (Multi-Server)
SCADA system used in this project, a distributed multi-server structure (multi-server) may also be called the structure. Lower Control Centers
With servers located in Trabzon Control Center will be the exchange of data between servers and the data for visualization
will be used. Thanks to this decentralized structure, and TK AKM'lerdeki all the data can easily be reached.
Structure Properties of Distributed
• Two or more PVSS (HMI) system connected to each other over a local network.
• allows each system to have links to their site. (PLC, field equipment, such as ...)
• All process data will be integrated into their system.
• Each system will be capable of imaging and processing data from other systems.
• Data points (TAG) to prevent repetition.
• Current values, situations, alarms or historical data can be reached directly.
• Event-triggered communication
• the interface in the provision of systems with the Deployment Manager
• Only the requested data transfer
• Systems are redundant between the structure of the local network connection, allowing you to
provides.
• More than a hundred of the system can connect to each other
Redundant structure and reliability
High availability and reliability of automation and information technology areas, including intelligent transportation systems is gaining importance. In this respect, usability and the reliability of the control center in the central structure, is highly important. Even a short-term traffic safety failure can lead to decline and the rising costs caused by blockage of traffic. Failure and data loss situations caused by it, without causing any disruption of traffic backed up in order to safeguard the continuity of the structure were included in the design of the Siemens system. The most common configuration is a redundant structure, the presence of hardware and software as a pair. A redundant system reliability (reliability), and high availability (availability), a "hot standby", waiting for the reserves is achieved by running. The control center as well as two redundant server is configured to connect to each other. "Hot standby" servers will be running continuously, and both will be responsible for the same functional requests. However, a single server will be activated. Data is synchronized with the primary unit is the second backup server is running. Active server fails, the "sudden" and made it up to a pass standing in passive standby server, takes over control. In this way the system functions the data access is always ensured.
All the software works on both computers that are built on servers. (Diagram 1 no 'lu the server is active, 2' no running server waits for lu, or "hot standby" state. Both servers are actively involved in the process. Accept any changes in value edilince backup server, active server receives the current values and UI discards the received values and drives. Thus, a process consistent with the picture of both of the computers (the same time information, data, etc.) have provided.
The workstations (clients) will always depend on both servers. However, only the data in an active server is shown. A shift system without affecting the operation that requires a smooth transition is made. To decide which of the servers are active server component failures and the importance of these failures for the system (the degree of influence the functioning of this system component fails, violence) to evaluate an "error state" value of the process of forming a system that is used internally.
In detail;
TCP connections, PLC connections, hard disk volumes, such as RAM memory, etc. and assign an evaluation component. This coefficient is between 0 and 999, the system administrator by a malfunction of the component, depending on how serious is this may results (eg, disconnection of a PLC is usually a user interface (UI) is a coefficient higher than the collapse.) For any error in the normal case The sum of the coefficients in the best case, each server must have the same status, and error must be zero.
Active computer every time you have a computer with a low error condition. This is the active server, without any loss in case of failure in the system will switch automatically to the server pending (within a tenth of a second). This redundancy operation of the method of discrete servers (split mode) makes it possible - that is, redundant servers in separate runs. A server is active, awaiting the other, in any way affecting operation of the system for testing new configurations can be used in parallel and can contribute to the maintenance work.
Discrete servers running (split mode is active) managers, (UIs passing of this system), and which will remain active for test purposes kullanılıcağını selects which server. At the end of the test system, the system returns to the test as a result of back-up operation. Thus, if the test is successful, returning a redundant fashion, the test system is not done, the new system is synchronized with the new configuration is used in both systems. Otherwise you need to keep the old system to the test system is synchronized with the existing system and a redundant system "split" mode before proceeding to continue to work with existing sets. Redundancy manager program, is responsible for monitoring the status of redundancy (which computer is active / passive).
Addition, the program also tracks the status of both the server's fault. Coefficients can be assigned to the user interface makes the system fault conditions. Provided a high degree of system reliability through redundant configuration. Furthermore, history data base to improve the reliability of the database server containing a hard disk system has redundant.
PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) Espiye-Sarp Tunnels project of 8 S7-300 S7-400 H and 8 will be used for a total of 16 PLC. Substation buildings, tunnels or chambers placed on the board PLCs. Some PLCs have been established for a single tunnel. Also a part of the monitor can control a group of the tunnel.
Functions:
• Selecting the ventilation fan jet according to the threshold values
• Jet fans per hour, the number of studies, based on control parameters such as operating hours
• Operating commands are transmitted field devices
• All feedback signals are transmitted to SCADA system
• the scheme's signal transmitting commands to the traffic signs
• Energy monitoring and control of the distribution system
• Energy distribution system to provide the connection to devices
• Traffic count data, SCADA system, transportation system connectivity and
• Lighting levels of control
• Emergency calls to the collection
• fire detection system communication Fibrolaser
Trend Scada Archive
The following process values are saved to the archive:
• CO level inside the container
• visibility inside the container
• Tube in the air flow rate
• The number of vehicles passing the tube through a period of 15 min of
• The average speed of vehicles passing knowledge of the tunnel tubes
• the level of ventilation tubes Tünle
• Tunnel lighting level portallerindeki
• Substation building the supply voltage feeder
• Substation building supply feeder current
• Air temperature - weather station
• Moisture - weather station
• Wind speed - weather station
• Visibility - weather station
• Asphalt surface temperatures - weather station with archived values, unless there is a change in value every 15 minutes to an archive
saved. If you change a value is saved to the archive immediately. Archives are stored in 30 days.
Trends in operator stations grouped by relevant sub-systems will be shown. 6 train at the same time shown on the same page.
The following pictures are available for trend pre-defined time intervals.
• One day
• A week
• One month
Graphics that appear on the SCADA operator stations can be printed out through the print function.
SCADA Alarm System
Alarm groups are defined below the SCADA system.
Alarms: All devices connected to the SCADA system error and fault messages
System Alarms: SCADA system's own fault and error messages
Business format change: SCADA system for connected devices
Status feedback signals: SCADA system for connected devices
Alarms generated by the SCADA system for any device below:
Ventilation / Jet fan:
Alarm: Power supply failure
Alarm: power failure feedback counterclockwise traffic
Alarm: power failure, traffic direction Feedback
Alarm: Jet fan electrical circuit works, but no air flow in the opposite direction
Alarm: No Jet fan air flow in the direction of the electricity is running, but the traffic
Business format change: the near (local) business
Business format change: The remote hand control operation
Business format change: automatic operation
Status: trying to reverse direction
Status: Traffic is working towards
Status: In the reverse direction air flow (flow switch)
Status: Traffic wool air flow (flow switch)
Status: vibration measurement Jet fan
Lighting:
Alarm: level 1 is the feedback of lighting failure
Alarm: power failure, lighting Back stage 2
Alarm: power failure, lighting Back stage 3
Alarm: The failure of feedback lighting level 4
Alarm: The stage lighting supply failure 5
Alarm: The failure of feedback lighting level 6
Alarm: The stage lighting supply failure, 7
Alarm: Built-in measurement error Luminasmetre
Alarm: External Luminasmetre measurement error
Business format change: the near (local) business
Business format change: Remote - manually control the operation
Business format change: Remote - automatic operation
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 1
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 2
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 3
Status: Lighting is trying to level 4
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 5
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 6
Status: Lighting is trying to stage 7
Traffic:
Alarm: The failure of the feedback
Business format change: the near (local) business
Business format change: Remote - automatic operation
Status: running
Power Distribution:
Alarm: MV breaker failure
Alarm: MV breaker overcurrent
Alarm: alarm Bucholz Transformer
Alarm: Transformer temperature alarm
Alarm: Transformer oil level alarm
Alarm: The generator failure
Alarm: The UPS bypass active
Alarm: UPS low battery
Alarm: UPS failure
Alarm: UPS power supply failure
Business format change: the near (local) business
Business format change: Remote - automatic operation
Business format change: Remote - manually control the operation
Status: The generator is running
Status: Cutting maintenance operation
Status: Cutting open
Status: MV breaker is open
Status: MV breaker closed
Status: AG switch failure
Status: AG switch is
Status: AG switch off
Monitoring:
Alarm: Fire alarm button cable failure
Alarm: Help button cable failure
Alarm: Emergency telephone cable failure
Alarm: Smoke detector cable failure
Alarm: Tamper sensor cable failure
Alarm: Linear fire detector failure
Alarm: Linear fire detector fire alarm
Status: Fire alarm button, the active
Status: Help button enabled
Status: Emergency telephone effectively
Status: active smoke detector
Status: Tamper sensor-active
Status: *** meters, the fire was
Weather station
Alarm: Sensor failure
Alarm: SST4 failure
System:
Alarm: No communication with PLC
Alarm: The failure of the PLC (CPU, I / O card ...)
Alarm: vending booth threw PLC
Alarm: No Serial port communications
Alarm: Profibus fault
Alarm: Fiber-optic ring failure
Alarm: Ethernet failure
Alarms can be set accordingly for display on the SCADA alarm recording window.
SCADA alarm window, the operator can view all the events, or you can select according to four groups, or text strings. The selected events, the alarm printer can be printed as an alarm report.
SCADA Reports
The following reports, tunnel control center printers can be printed.
Alarm registry report:
The alarm alerts the operator can choose to archive, and print them with each printer on the network.
Daily, Monthly and Annual Reports:
Vehicles, emergency calls and other events leading to the SCADA system to automatically respond to the night-day total of PVSS user is created automatically and stored in the archives. In addition, the working hours of lighting devices, CO, visibility and wind speed max. And min. values of working hours and working order of the jet fans are added to the archive.
